Introduction: Primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is less frequent than ischemic stroke, but with higher mortality rate in its acute phase. The aim of current study was to determine the mortality rate and to evaluate the influence of different factors on the mortality of patients with primary intracerebral hematoma.

Methods: This cross-sectional study performed on 121 patients admitted to Sina Hospital, because of primary ICH during 3 years, from 1999 through 2002.

  Results: According to the study, 65% of patients were between 60-80 years of age and 68.3% of them had history of hypertension. The morality rate was 47.1%, most of them happened during the two first days of the event. Evacuation of hematoma was done for 28 patients, with mortality rate of 78% in comparison to 38.1% in those who received medical therapy. However, most of operation were performed on more severe ICH and all of operated patients did not have the same condition according to the operation set up.

  Conclusion: According to the study, low Level of consciousness, large volume of hematoma, extension of hematoma to ventricles, brain midline shift and hydrocephalus led to poor outcome. Age, sex, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking and mean arterial pressure on admission had not significant effect on patients’ outcome. It seems that larger or case – control studies are necessary to declare the independent prognostic factors and benefit of surgery in ICH .

  Keywords: Intra cranial hemorrhage, prognostic factors, primary intracerebral hemorrhage, outcome.

  Hakim 2005 8(1) 22-28.