Volume 24, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Hakim 2021, 24(1): 14-22 |
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Ahamdnezhad E, Riazi-Isfahani S, Mojahedi M, Asad Sajjadi N, Abdolmaleki E, Alvandi R, et al . Risk factors associated with increased Covid-19 death: A review study. Hakim 2021; 24 (1) : 3
URL: http://hakim.tums.ac.ir/article-1-2074-en.html
URL: http://hakim.tums.ac.ir/article-1-2074-en.html
Elham Ahamdnezhad1 
, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani * 2, Mahsa Mojahedi3 , Negar Asad Sajjadi3 , Elham Abdolmaleki3 , Rezvaneh Alvandi4 , Sara Saffarpour5 , Shiva Safari6 , Mobina Mohammadi-Pirooz7 , Zhaleh Abdi8 , Ali Akbari-Sari9
, Sahand Riazi-Isfahani * 2, Mahsa Mojahedi3 , Negar Asad Sajjadi3 , Elham Abdolmaleki3 , Rezvaneh Alvandi4 , Sara Saffarpour5 , Shiva Safari6 , Mobina Mohammadi-Pirooz7 , Zhaleh Abdi8 , Ali Akbari-Sari9
1- PhD in Epidemiology, Associated Professor, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Community Medicine Specialist, Assistant Professor, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,sahand1000@gmail.com
3- MS in Biostatistics, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- PhD candidate in Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5- MS in Food Science engineering, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
6- MS in Epidemiology - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
7- MS in Health Economics, General Bureau of Health NGOs and Donors, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
8- PHD in Healthcare Management, Assistant Professor National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
9- PHD in Health Policy and Management, Professor, Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Community Medicine Specialist, Assistant Professor, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
3- MS in Biostatistics, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4- PhD candidate in Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5- MS in Food Science engineering, Health System Observatory Secretariate, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
6- MS in Epidemiology - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
7- MS in Health Economics, General Bureau of Health NGOs and Donors, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
8- PHD in Healthcare Management, Assistant Professor National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
9- PHD in Health Policy and Management, Professor, Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1107 Views)
Introduction: Some factors have been found to be associated with increased mortality from Covid-19. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at finding the factors associated with the increased mortality among Covid-19 patients.
Methods: Systematic searches of Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were performed using keywords that correlated mortality, including relative risk (RR), risk ratio, and odds ratio(OR). A total of 20 articles were included in this study. Four factors including age (years) with OR, underlying diabetes with OR, gender (male vs. female) with OR, and gender (male vs. female) with OR which reported by in more than two studies, were meta-analyzed.
Results: A total of 65 factors were identified that are associated with an increase in death from Covid-19. The most important factors were: History of diabetes with an odds ratio of 12.23 (4.13–36.27); Hospitalization in the intensive care unit with a relative risk of 5.79 (4.00-8.38); and requiring which reported by mechanical ventilation with a relative risk of 7.36 (5.06–10.7). These factors can be classified into three categories: 1) individual and genetic factors 2) underlying diseases and conditions, and 3) clinical and laboratory findings.
Conclusion: Having identified these risk faktors, it is necessary to pay more attention on preventive measures and raising awarness among people with these risk factors. This findings may help health care organizations to prioritize high risk groups for screening and triaging for Covid-19 and for receiving Covid-19 vaccine.
Please cite this article as follows:
Ahamdnezhad E, Riazi-Isfahani S, Mojahedi M, Asad-Sajjadi N, Abdolmaleki E, Alvandi R, Saffarpour S, Safari S, Abdi Z, Akbari-Sari A. Risk factors associated with increased Covid-19 death: A review study. Hakim Health Sys Res. 2021; (24): 14-22.
Article number: 3
Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
General
Received: 2021/03/2 | Accepted: 2021/05/31 | Published: 2021/05/31
Received: 2021/03/2 | Accepted: 2021/05/31 | Published: 2021/05/31
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