fa نقش میانجی همدلی در ارتباط بین تیپهای شخصیتی و رفتار پیشگیرانه از کووید-19 عمومى General پژوهشی Original <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با توجه به اینکه ویروس کرونا تاکنون سراسر جهان را فراگرفته و عوارض فراوانی را برای مردم به همراه داشته، تاکید سازمان جهانی بهداشت بر رعایت رفتارهای پیشگیرانه است.</span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف: این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش میانجی همدلی در ارتباط بین تیپ</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های شخصیتی و رفتار پیشگیرانه از کووید-19 انجام شد. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کار:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در این مطالعه توصیفی- همبستگی، 200 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های مختلف سراسر کشور به روش در دسترس انتخاب شدند. شرکت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنندگان به زیرمقیاس</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های فرم کوتاه پرسشنامه ۶۰ سوالی نئو و پرسشنامه همدلی جولیف و فارینگتون و رفتار پیشگیرانه محقق</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساخته پاسخ دادند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها با استفاده از </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">SPSS</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> ورژن ۲۵ و روش تحلیل رگرسیون خطی انجام شد. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج نشان داد که تیپ</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های شخصیتی توافق</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پذیری</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">< 0.001 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">&beta;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">=0.438)،</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> وجدانی بودن</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">< 0.001 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">&beta;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">=0.511)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و باز بودن</span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">< 0.001 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">&beta;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">=0.531)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با رفتار پیشگیرانه رابطه مستقیم و در مسیر غیرمستقیم با استفاده از متغیر همدلی نیز این رابطه را تقویت کرده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اند و در رابطه با مولفه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های روان</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رنجورخویی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">< 0.001 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">&beta;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">=-0.394)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و برون</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گرایی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">p</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">< 0.001 </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">&beta;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">=-0.503)</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> با رفتار پیشگیرانه که ارتباطی منفی داشتند، همدلی نتوانست این ارتباط را تضعیف کند و رفتار پیشگیرانه را افزایش دهد.</span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج نشان داد افراد با ویژگی</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های توافق</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پذیری، وجدانی بودن و گشودگی رفتارهای پیشگیرانه مرتبط با کووید-19 را بیشتر رعایت می</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنند و همدلی نیز این رابطه را تقویت می</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کند. این نتایج دارای تلویحات کاربردی در تدوین مداخلات برای بحران</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های کنونی و آینده خواهد بود.</span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">واژگان</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کلیدی:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> همدلی، تیپ شخصیتی، رفتار پیشگیرانه، ویروس کووید-19</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Introduction: </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Considering that the corona virus has spread all over the world so far and has many psychological consequences for the people, the government emphasizes on observing preventive behaviors. In the meantime, some people are more observant of preventive behaviors, which can be for various reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between personality types and preventive behavior of Covid 19.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Methods: </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">In this descriptive-correlational study, 200 students from different universities across the country were selected by convenience sampling method. Participants responded online (WhatsApp& Telegram) to the subscales of the 60-item Neo Questionnaire, the Jolif-Farrington Empathy Questionnaire (2000), and the researcher-made preventive behavior. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25 and linear regression analysis.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Results:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"> The results showed that the personality types of agreement (p <0.001 &beta; = 0.438), conscientiousness (p <0.001 &beta; = 0.511) and openness (p <0.001 &beta; = 0.531) were directly related to preventive behavior and indirectly using The variables of empathy also strengthened this relationship and in relation to the components of neuroticism (p <0.001 &beta; = -0.394) and extraversion (p <0.001 &beta; = -0.503) with preventive behavior that had a negative relationship, empathy could not weaken this relationship. And increase preventive behavior.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Conclusion:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"> The results showed that people with the characteristics of agreement, conscience and openness to experience more Preventive behaviors related to Covid 19 and empathy also strengthens this relationship. These results will have practical implications for formulating interventions for current and future crises.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt">Key words:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"> empathy, personality type, preventive behavior, covid-19 virus</span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span><br> <span style="color:#2980b9;">&nbsp;<span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Please cite this article as follows:</span></b></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Garshasbi S, Saffarinia M, Emami Razavi S H, Alipour A, Emadi Kochak H. The mediating role of empathy in the relationship between personality types and preventive behavior of Covid 19. Hakim Health Sys Res.</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">&nbsp;2021; 24 (2):192-202.<br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt">*Corresponding Author:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt"> Tehran- Artesh Boulvard- Nakhl Street- Payame Noor University- Department of Psychology- Tel & Fax: 021- 88991401.Email: saffarinia@yahoo.com</span></span> 192 202 http://hakim.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-691&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Sima Garshasbi سیما گرشاسبی No Ph.D student in Health Psychology, Payame Noor University(PNU), Tehran, Iran. دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی روانشناسی سلامت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. Majid Saffarinia مجید صفاری نیا saffarinia@yahoo.com Yes Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University(PNU), Tehran, Iran. استاد روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران،  ایران. Seyed Hassan Emami Razavi سیدحسن امامی رضوی No Professor of General Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. استاد جراحی عمومی، گروه جراحی عمومی مجتمع بیمارستانی امام خمینی (ره)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران. Ahmad Alipour احمد علیپور No Professor of Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. استاد روانشناسی سلامت، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. Hamid Emadi Koochak حمید عمادی کوچک No Professor of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. استاد بیماری عفونی و گرمسیری، گروه بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری مجتمع بیمارستانی امام خمینی (ره)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.