fa تبیین تجارب والدین شهر دلیجان در زمینه تک فرزندی: یک مطالعه کیفی عمومى General پژوهشی Original <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در ایران، گرایش به داشتن تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزند افزایش یافته است. هدف مطالعه حاضر، تبیین تجارب والدین شهر دلیجان در زمینه تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی بود.</span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش کار:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تحقیق کیفی حاضر در سال 1399 انجام شد. نقطه شروع نمونه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری از بین پرونده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های موجود در مراکز جامع خدمات سلامت شهر دلیجان بود که تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی ارادی داشتند و سن مادر خانواده بالای 35 سال بود. برای کسب حداکثر تنوع در داده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها و به دست آوردن بینش عمیق از تجارب افراد، سعی شد با والدین با گروه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های سنی، جنسی، تحصیلی و شغلی مختلف مصاحبه شود. 30 مصاحبه عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. از شرکت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنندگان (18 زن و 12 مرد) درخصوص تجارب آنها در زمینه تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی سوال شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها پس از هر مصاحبه شروع و تا اشباع اطلاعاتی ادامه می</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافت. داده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها با روش تجزیه و تحلیل محتوایی (از نوع </span></span><span class="latin" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span style="vertical-align:baseline"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt">Conventional</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) تحلیل شدند. برای افزایش روایی و پایایی یافته</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها، از روش</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های پیشنهادی لینکن و کوبا (شامل درگیری دائمی و مستمر با مخاطبان، بازنگری اعضا، بازنگری ناظران و رسیدن به اشباع داده</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها) استفاده شد. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ها: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">میانگین سن شرکت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کنندگان 7/41 سال با انحراف معیار 5/5 بود. عوامل زمینه</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ساز تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی با 5 زیرطبقه شامل علل خانوادگی، علل جسمانی، تجارب قبلی منفی، علل روانشناختی، علل اجتماعی- اقتصادی و موازنه تصمیم</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری با 2 زیر طبقه شامل مزیت</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">های درک شده و معایب درک شده تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی، به عنوان تجارب افراد ظهور یافتند.</span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه</span></span></b><b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مشخص شدن تجارب والدین تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزند می</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تواند نوعی نیازسنجی در راستای طراحی مداخلات برای افزایش گرایش زوجین به فرزندآوری باشد. </span></span><br> <b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">واژگان کلیدی:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مطالعه کیفی، تجارب، تک</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:">‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">فرزندی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Introduction:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"> In Iran, the tendency to have only one child has increased. This study explored the experiences of Delijan parents in terms of only child.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Methods:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"> This qualitative study was conducted in 2020. The starting point of sampling was among the health records of comprehensive health service centers of Delijan city that had voluntary only child and the mother&rsquo;s age was over 35 years old. Parents from different age, gender, educational and occupational groups were interviewed to get maximum diversity in the data and deep insight from the experiences of individuals. Thirty semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. The participants (18 women and 12 men) were asked about their experiences about only child. Data analysed by conventional content analysis method. Continuous analysis of data began and continued up to data saturation. To increase the validity and reliability of the data, the suggested proposed methods by Lincoln and Cuban were used (including prolong engagement with the participants, peer check, member check, and data saturation).</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Results: </span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">&nbsp;The mean age of participants was 41.7 years with a standard deviation of 5.5. Predisposing factors of one child with 5 subcatrgories including family causes, physical causes, negative previous experiences, psychological causes, socio-economic-political causes and decisional balance with 2 subclasses including perceived pros of having one child and perceived cons of having one child were emerged as participants, experiences of having only one child.</span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion:</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"> Identifying the experiences of parents having only one child may be a kind of needs assessment to design interventions to increase couples&rsquo; tendency to have more children.</span></span><br> <b><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Keywords:</span></b><span dir="LTR" lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt"> Qualitative research, content analysis, only child</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span><span style="color:#2980b9;"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Please cite this article as follows:</span></b></span></span><br> <span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:11.0pt">Ebrahimi S, Dehdari T. Explanation of experiences of Delijan parents in terms of only child: A qualitative study. Hakim Health Systems Research Journal.HAKIM Health Sys Res. 2021; 24 (2):128-141. </span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">*Corresponding Author:</span></span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"> Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran. Email: dehdari.t@iums.ac.ir, dehdarit@yahoo.com, Tel: 00982186704756, Fax: 00982188622707</span></span><br> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span> مطالعه کیفی, تحلیل محتوا, تک فرزندی Qualitative research, content analysis, only child 128 141 http://hakim.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1686-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Tahereh Dehdari طاهره دهداری dehdarit@yahoo.com Yes PhD in Health Education, Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. دکترای تخصصی در رشته آموزش بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات ارتقای سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران. Somayeh Ebrahimi سمیه ابراهیمی sebrahimi888@yahoo.com No MSc in Community-based Education in Health System, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. کارشناسی ارشد در رشته آموزش جامعه نگر در نظام سلامت، گروه آموزش و ارتقای سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.